Acinus pancreas

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Acini and Centro-acinar Cells. The exocrine pancreas is a compound gland consisting of secretory endpieces acini draining into a converging duct system [5,17,30]. The acini, which are composed of cells that synthesise digestive enzymes and store them as zymogen granules, are found at the terminations of the intercalated ducts, but also, in some species, at intermediate points along the ducts, so that an acinus may surround an intercalated duct part way along its course. In most species, the individual cells form truncated pyramids so that, when they are aggregated to form a secretory endpiece, the endpiece is shaped like a berry Latin: acinus rather than being tubular [64]. Each acinus envelops a layer of intercalated duct cells which, in consequence, are often called centro-acinar cells, although there is no evidence to suggest that they differ morphologically or functionally from cells elsewhere in the intercalated ducts.

Acinus pancreas

A pancreatic acinus is a functional unit of the exocrine pancreas producing digest enzymes. Its pathobiology is crucial to pancreatic diseases including pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer, which can initiate from pancreatic acini. However, research on pancreatic acini has been significantly hampered due to the difficulty of culturing normal acinar cells in vitro. In this study, an in vitro model of the normal acinus, named pancreatic acinus-on-chip PAC , is developed using reprogrammed pancreatic cancer cells. In this model, human pancreatic cancer cells, Panc-1, reprogrammed to revert to the normal state upon induction of PTF1a gene expression, are cultured. Bioinformatic analyses suggest that, upon induced PTF1a expression, Panc-1 cells transition into a more normal and differentiated acinar phenotype. The microanatomy and exocrine functions of the model are characterized to confirm the normal acinus phenotypes. The developed model provides a new and reliable testbed to study the initiation and progression of pancreatic cancers. Venis, H. Moon, Y. Yang, S. Utturkar, S. Konieczny and B.

Acini and Centro-acinar Cells. Article Talk.

The pancreatic acinar cell is the functional unit of the exocrine pancreas. It synthesizes, stores, and secretes digestive enzymes. Under normal physiological conditions, digestive enzymes are activated only once they have reached the duodenum. Premature activation of these enzymes within pancreatic acinar cells leads to the onset of acute pancreatitis; it is the major clinical disorder associated with pancreatic acinar cells. Although there have been major advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease in recent years, available treatment options are still limited to traditional nonspecific and palliative interventions. Novel therapeutic strategies have been suggested based on ongoing research in the physiology and pathophysiology of the disease; these include the administration of systemic antibiotics, antioxidants, cytokine antagonists, and more recently, inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system. Notwithstanding this promising development, most of these potential therapies are still in an experimental stage or clinical trial.

The pancreas is an abdominal organ located deep in the retroperitoneum. It is a gland with mixed function: both exocrine and endocrine. In this article, we will consider just the exocrine functions of the pancreas, the synthesis of pancreatic enzymes and the regulation of enzyme secretion. Finally, we will consider the clinical relevance of the pancreatic exocrine functions. When we consider the functions of the pancreas, it is simpler to view it as a mix of two glands. We can divide the pancreas into an exocrine gland, containing the acinar and duct tissue, and the endocrine gland containing the islets of Langerhans.

Acinus pancreas

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Preview improvements coming to the PMC website in October Learn More or Try it out now. This review identifies and puts into context the recent articles which have advanced understanding of the functions of pancreatic acinar cells and the mechanisms by which these functions are regulated. Receptors present on acinar cells, particularly those for cholecystokinin and secretin, have been better characterized as to the molecular nature of the ligand-receptor interaction. Other reports have described the potential regulation of acinar cells by GLP-1 and cannabinoids. Work downstream of intracellular mediators has focused on molecular mechanisms of exocytosis particularly involving small G proteins, SNARE proteins and chaperone molecules.

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Transmission electron microscopy Samples were fixed in 2. Sagar M. Rep , , 5 , — We used both visible confocal and multiphoton second harmonic generation methods for imaging. This feature is very useful to study the effects of risk factors of pancreatic cancers, in which prolonged exposure of environmental chemicals and carcinogens on the normal pancreas should be monitored. Structure-function relationships. It typically has a guarded prognosis. Dagorn JC Lithostathine. Once PTF1a is expressed, the cells become acinar-like, showing acinar gene expression patterns. Besides the endocrine function of secreting insulin, most of the pancreatic tissue performs the exocrine function to produce and secrete digestive enzymes to the small intestine via pancreatic ducts. Yi Yang. In: Greger, R. Jensen RT Receptors on pancreatic acinar cells. To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

The pancreas serves digestive and endocrine functions, and it is composed of two types of tissue: islets of Langerhans and acini.

Am J Physiol GG Mawe GM Prevertebral, pancreatic and gall bladder ganglia: non-enteric ganglia that are involved in gastrointestinal function. See DOI: Please wait while we load your content Something went wrong. The publisher's final edited version of this article is available at Lab Chip. Samples were fixed in 2. Rep , , 5 , Pflugers Arch — Structure-function relationships. Biomed Res — Stephen F. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. Please enable JavaScript to access the full features of the site or access our non-JavaScript page.