Ley de educación del estado de jalisco

Que en cumplimiento de lo anterior, he tenido a bien expedir el siguiente:.

Using legislative harmonization protocols, the article proposes a method to measure normative changes and identify challenges associated with the implementation of public policies. Results suggest that opposition to the educational reform in terms of normative frameworks is geographically clustered, therefore this article offers some hypotheses to explain variations in the timeliness, compliance and consistency of the harmonization processes involved in implementing the reform at a subnational level.. As teaching positions in Mexico were often inherited and sold, and union loyalty to the National Teachers Workers Union SNTE was a more profitable option for professional advancement than mere merit, due to the corporatist pact the State and the SNTE established several decades ago Olmeda, ; Nieto de Pascual, ; Arnaut, ; Sandoval, , the educational reform elicited strong union opposition. This research focuses on evaluating the degree to which states complied with the harmonization process of their education laws to assess whether a counter-reform effort occurred and if the reform simply reconfigured the corporatist relationship between SNTE and the State at the subnational level. While a perfectly harmonized state education law does not necessarily imply that subnational governments will apply the law, its absence or its disagreement with the spirit of the federal law is problematic.

Ley de educación del estado de jalisco

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Sonora and Chihuahua represent instances in which counter-reformist wording and the coexistence of counter-reform norms limit the implementation of the education reform.

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Ley de educación del estado de jalisco

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Lira to aed

If we examine closely the most important change local congresses needed to introduce in the context of the harmonization consistency index, we can gain further insights into the mechanisms subnational authorities used to benefit the union. Another agenda that remains to be explored is the harmonization of other elements of the federal framework of the education reform. First, states that harmonized their education laws with greater urgency were more prone to make errors than those which took longer to ensure they had included all the relevant changes local legislators were supposed to introduce. Criterios Generales de Gasto. Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs , vol. Last reform published: March 8 th , Did tying the operation of SPD to a subnational law reflect poor legislative technique or outright ignorance? This research focuses on evaluating the degree to which states complied with the harmonization process of their education laws to assess whether a counter-reform effort occurred and if the reform simply reconfigured the corporatist relationship between SNTE and the State at the subnational level. This strategy most clearly describes the case of Oaxaca, where it took over two years for its local congress to adapt its subnational framework. Similarly, to punish the sabotage power bureaucrats loyal to SNTE could exert by allocating positions in a non-meritocratic fashion, the law established that any access or promotion granted against SPD guidelines would be voided Article Table 2: Timeliness, harmonization and corporatist reconfiguration indicator and indexes Source: Created by the author.

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Figure 2: Harmony to Dissonance? This research evinces that the education reform has faced silent challenges at the subnational level. See Table 2. This strategy most clearly describes the case of Oaxaca, where it took over two years for its local congress to adapt its subnational framework. Future research should explore whether some states exerted a counter-reform diffuser effect within their enclaves. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. First, it is necessary to analyze whether all the changes reformers introduced in the General Law of Education modified existing articles in the state education laws; second, whether the new elements of the General Law of Education were included in the subnational laws; and third, whether the components reformers eliminated were also deleted in the state education laws. The harmonization consistency index identifies states that introduced counter-reform measures. If we shift the analysis to pro-reform efforts, Central Mexico represents a third enclave in which Morelos is an outlier, as all the surrounding states have harmonious education laws. Yet, more generally, this study provides a framework to assess normative compliance at the federal or national level through indexes that anticipate potential problems for public policy implementation at the subnational level from critical stakeholders such as unions. In the case of Oaxaca, this is the outcome of the poor treatment local legislators gave to specifying the reformist agenda surrounding SPD in their education law. Nevertheless, it is likely that most states fall into one of these extremes, as it appears that those which finished sooner were more likely to make mistakes than those who took longer. The most interesting case is Baja California, a state in the north of Mexico, whose congress introduced six of the seven required changes in a manner counter to the reform.